| Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, ISSN 1918-3003 print, 1918-3011 online, Open Access |
| Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Clin Med Res and Elmer Press Inc |
| Journal website https://jocmr.elmerjournals.com |
Review
Volume 17, Number 2, February 2025, pages 67-75
Acute Kidney Injury in Autoimmune-Mediated Rheumatic Diseases
Table
| Entity | Possible pattern of kidney disease associated with AKI |
|---|---|
| AKI: Acute kidney injury; ANCA: anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies; ISN/RPS: International Society of Nephrology/Renal Pathology Society; Ig: immunoglobulin. | |
| Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) | Focal-segmental proliferative glomerulonephritis [24] (sporadic) |
| Interstitial or vascular wall edema (case reports) [23, 25] | |
| Spondylarthritis | |
| Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) | IgA nephropathy, occasionally associated with extracapillary proliferation [27, 28] |
| Other | No specific patterns |
| Collagenoses | |
| Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) | Lupus nephritis (50% of all individuals), classes I to VI according to ISN/RPS classification; classes III and IV associated with extracapillary pathology [31, 33] |
| Sjogren’s syndrome (SS) | Extracapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis possible although rare [37] |
| Systemic sclerosis (SSc) | Obliterative endarteritis +/- thrombotic microangiopathy [41] |
| Case reports on obliterative endarteritis and membranoproliferative or extracapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis [42-45] | |
| Inflammatory myopathy (IIM - idiopathic inflammatory myopathy) | Rhabdomyolysis [50] |
| Case reports on glomerulonephritis [49] and thrombotic microangiopathy [52] | |
| Vasculitides | |
| ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) | Cause of the most common type of extracapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis [55] |
| IgA vasculitis | IgA nephropathy, extracapillary proliferation possible [59, 60] |
| Cryoglobulinemia (CG) | Extracapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis in 20-50% of type 2 CG [58] |