Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, ISSN 1918-3003 print, 1918-3011 online, Open Access
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Review

Volume 17, Number 7, July 2025, pages 357-364

Association of ABO and Rhesus Blood Groups With Oral Cancers

Table

↓  Table 1. Epidemiological Evidence Linking ABO and Rhesus (Rh) Blood Groups to Oral Cancers
 
Authors, year, country Study design Disease Patients/controls Main results
Panchbhai et al, 2024 [49], India Cross-sectional Oral squamous carcinomas (OSCC) 35 patients Blood type A was the most prevalent in patients diagnosed with OSCCs. The Rh factor was universally positive among all patients.
Pokala et al, 2024 [60], India Case-control Oral cancer, and oral potentially malignant disorder (OPMD) 120/120 Compared to individuals of other blood groups, individuals with blood type B showed a 1.24 times higher risk of acquiring oral precancerous and cancerous lesions.
Qudrath et al, 2023, Bangladesh [50] Cohort study Oral cancer 110 patients Most patients belonged to blood type A (45%), then type B (23%), type O (20%), and type AB (12%). There was no observed correlation between the Rh factor and oral cancer.
Pal et al, 2023, India [39] Cohort study Oral cancer 600 patients Individuals with blood type A positive (A+) demonstrated a significantly higher predisposition to developing oral cancer.
Mahalakshmi et al, 2022, India [61] Cross-sectional OPMD 55 patients Individuals with blood type B positive (B+) were 1.46 times more likely to develop OPMD.
Ramamoorthy et al, 2022, India [47] Cross-sectional Oral cancer Not reported Although a higher proportion of oral cancer patients belonged to blood type B (46%), the association did not reach statistical significance.
Rezvaninejad et al, 2021, Iran [51] Case-control Oral cancer 64/60 Compared to the control group, the blood group A in patients with oral cancer was significantly higher in patients. There was no significant difference in Rh frequency between patients and the control group.
Ashwinirani et al, 2021, India [29] Cross-sectional Oral cancer 63 patients Blood group A constituted 50% of cases. There was no significant relationship between the Rh factor and oral cancer.
Singh et al, 2021, India [28] Meta-analysis case-control Oral cancer OPMD 2,056/26,388 Blood group A demonstrated significant associations with both oral cancer and OPMD (P = 0.04). Blood group O showed a significant protective effect against oral cancer.
Verma et al, 2021, India [52] cross-sectional Oral cancer 73 patients Individuals with blood type A positive (A+) showed a 3.22-fold higher risk of developing OSCC compared to those with other blood types.
Gaurav et al, 2021, India [53] Case-control Oral cancer OPMD 100/100 There was a significant correlation between the blood group A and both OPMD and oral cancer groups.
Shishodia et al, 2019, India [54] Case-control Oral cancer OPMD 105/7027 Blood group A was significantly associated with increased susceptibility to OSCC. However, there was no significant relationship between ABO blood group and OPMD.
Gupta et al, 2019, India [66] Case-control Oral cancer 76/90 Blood group AB showed a significantly higher frequency, while blood group O had a significantly lower frequency patients compared to controls.
Singh et al, 2019, India [55] Case-control Oral cancer 27/250 There was a significant correlation between blood group A and oral cancer compared to other blood groups.
Jalili et al, 2018, Iran [67] Case-control OSCC 133/2,000 Blood group AB showed a significantly higher frequency in patients with OSCC compared to healthy controls, while blood group O showed the lowest frequency in OSCC patients.
Poornima et al, 2018, India [62] Case-control OPMDs OSCC 70/30 Blood group B showed a significantly higher frequency in both OPMDs and OSCC than control group, with no significant difference observed in Rh factor.
Anjum et al, 2017, India [56] Cohort study OPMDs 50 patients Cases with blood group A positive (36%) were more associated with the development of OPMDs, followed by those with blood group B positive (28%).
Mehrotra et al, 2017, India [63] Cross-sectional Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) 50/50 Individuals with blood group B had a 1.32-fold higher tendency to develop OSMF than other groups.
Ramesh et al, 2017, India [64] Case-control Oral cancer 100/50 Individuals with blood group B positive were found to be at an increased risk of developing OSCC compared to people with other blood groups.
Kumari et al, 2017, India [57] Case-control Oral cancer 300/800 Individuals with blood group A showed a 1.51-fold higher risk of developing oral cancers when compared to those with other blood groups.
Saxena et al, 2016, India [58] Cross-sectional Oral cancer 171 patients Blood group A had a 6.54-fold higher association with oral cancer compared to blood group O, B and AB.
Reddy et al, 2016, India [10] Cross-sectional OSMF 164/180 There was no significant correlation between OSMF and ABO blood group.
Zhang et al, 2016, China [68] Case-control Oral cancer 3,832/24,912 Individuals with type O blood had a significantly lower proportion of oral cancer than that of controls.
Nikam et al, 2015, India [65] Case-control OSMF 50/50 Individuals with blood group B had higher risk of developing OSMF compared to other groups. There was no correlation between the Rh factor and OSMF.
Rai et al, 2015, India [69] Cross-sectional OPMDs 45/45 There was no statistically significant correlation between ABO blood groups and OPMDs.
Trupti et al, 2015, India [59] Case-control OSCC OSMF 60/30 Blood group A conferred an approximately 60-70% increased risk of developing OSCC compared to people with other blood groups. Individuals with blood group A were at 3.98 times greater risk of developing OSMF.