Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, ISSN 1918-3003 print, 1918-3011 online, Open Access
Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Clin Med Res and Elmer Press Inc
Journal website https://jocmr.elmerjournals.com

Original Article

Volume 17, Number 10, October 2025, pages 574-581

Pericardial Fat Tissue as a Predictor of the Severity of Acute Coronavirus Infection COVID-19

Figures

↓  Figure 1. Associations of Visceral Adipose Tissue Volume With Disease Severity Markers in COVID-19 Patients. *P < 0.05. A heatmap color scale was used to visually represent correlation magnitudes. BMI: body mass index; COVID-19: coronavirus disease 2019; CRP: C-reactive protein; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; Glu: glucose; HR: heart rate; PASP: pulmonary artery systolic pressure; PFT: pericardial fat tissue; RR: respiratory rate; SBP: systolic blood pressure; SpO2: oxygen saturation; TCh: total cholesterol.
Figure 1.
↓  Figure 2. ROC curve for predictive model 4. ROC: receiver operating characteristic.
Figure 2.

Tables

↓  Table 1. Main Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with COVID-19
 
Severe COVID-19 (n = 133) Moderate COVID-19 (n = 163) Р
*P < 0.05. AH: arterial hypertension; BMI: body mass index; COVID-19: coronavirus disease 2019; CRP: C-reactive protein; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; EF: ejection fraction; PASP: pulmonary artery systolic pressure; PFT: pericardial fat tissue; RR: respiration rate; SBP: systolic blood pressure; SpO2: oxygen saturation; T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Age, years 63.75 ± 12.94 58.88 ± 14.55 0.003*
Sex, male/female, n (%) 67 (50.38)/66 (49.62) 74 (45.40)/89 (54.60) 0.394
Weight, kg 86.00 (75.00 - 100.00) 80.50 (73.00 - 90.00) 0.007*
BMI, kg/m2 30.76 (26.28 - 34.26) 28.17 (25.40 - 31.62) 0.006*
Obesity, n (%) 60 (45.11) 57 (34.97) 0.083
AH, n (%) 70 (52.63) 65 (39.88) < 0.001*
T2DM, n (%) 24 (18.05) 18 (11.04) 0.035
Smoking, n (%) 13 (9.77) 18 (11.04) 0.663
RR, breaths/min 24.00 (22.00 - 24.00) 22.00 (21.00 - 22.00) < 0.001*
Heart rate, /min 89.00 (80.00 - 90.00) 82.50 (75.00 - 92.00) 0.021*
SBP, mm Hg 120.00 (120.00 - 130.00) 120.00 (120.00 - 130.00) 0.799
DBP, mm Hg 80.00 (74.00 - 80.00) 80.00 (70.00 - 80.00) 0.342
SpO2, % 92.00 (90.00 - 92.00) 96.00 (95.00 - 97.00) < 0.001*
PFT, сm3 3.30 (2.40 - 4.10) 2.75 (2.00 - 3.60) 0.003*
EF, % 61.00 (59.00 - 63.00) 62.00 (61.00 - 63.00) 0.026*
PASP, mm Hg 26.00 (22.00 - 32.00) 26.00 (22.00 - 29.00) 0.352
CRP 62.20 (19.80 - 125.51) 21.40 (7.91 - 68.00) < 0.001*
Ferritin, ng/mL 443.05 (262.20 - 648.00) 322.50 (156.00 - 521.00) 0.008*
Albumin, g/L 37.10 (34.50 - 40.00) 40.80 (38.70 - 44.00) < 0.001*
Creatinine, µmol/L 92.33 (79.00 - 114.89) 89.33 (78.50 - 101.20) 0.089
Total cholesterol, mmol/L 4.36 (3.61 - 5.21) 4.87 (4.08 - 5.69) 0.004*
Glucose, mmol/L 6.30 (5.50 - 8.08) 6.06 (5.37 - 6.70) 0.046*
D-dimer, mg/mL 0.92 (0.42 - 3.31) 0.58 (0.32 - 1.37) 0.008*

 

↓  Table 2. PFT Volume as a Predictor of COVID-19 Disease Severity
 
Attribute Model 1 Model 2 Model 3 Model 4
*P < 0.05. Model 1: unadjusted (PFT volume only). Model 2: adjusted for age. Model 3: adjusted for age, hypertension history, blood glucose, and total cholesterol. Model 4: fully adjusted for age, hypertension history, blood glucose, total cholesterol, albumin, CRP, D-dimer, and ferritin. COVID-19: coronavirus disease 2019; CRP: C-reactive protein; PFT: pericardial fat tissue.
Pericardial fat tissue volume 1.27 (1.08 - 1.50)* 1.24 (1.05 - 1.47)* 1.34 (1.01 - 1.76)* 2.68 (1.06 - 6.73)*
Age - 1.02 (1.01 - 1.04)* 1.02 (0.99 - 1.05) 1.02 (0.93 - 1.12)
Arterial hypertension - - 2.38 (0.73 - 7.76) 0.13 (0.01 - 3.32)
Glucose - - 1.00 (0.91 - 1.09) 1.03 (0.77 - 1.39)
Total cholesterol - - 0.66 (0.49 - 0.90)* 1.12 (0.48 - 2.64)
Albumine - - - 0.97 (0.80 - 1.18)
CRP - - - 1.01 (0.99 - 1.03)
D-dimer - - - 0.93 (0.77 - 1.12)
Ferritine - - - 0.99 (0.99 - 1.00)