Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, ISSN 1918-3003 print, 1918-3011 online, Open Access
Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Clin Med Res and Elmer Press Inc
Journal website https://jocmr.elmerjournals.com

Original Article

Volume 000, Number 000, October 2025, pages 000-000

Pericardial Fat Tissue as a Predictor of the Severity of Acute Coronavirus Infection COVID-19

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1. Associations of Visceral Adipose Tissue Volume With Disease Severity Markers in COVID-19 Patients. *P < 0.05. A heatmap color scale was used to visually represent correlation magnitudes. BMI: body mass index; COVID-19: coronavirus disease 2019; CRP: C-reactive protein; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; Glu: glucose; HR: heart rate; PASP: pulmonary artery systolic pressure; PFT: pericardial fat tissue; RR: respiratory rate; SBP: systolic blood pressure; SpO2: oxygen saturation; TCh: total cholesterol.
Figure 2.
Figure 2. ROC curve for predictive model 4. ROC: receiver operating characteristic.

Tables

Table 1. Main Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with COVID-19
 
Severe COVID-19 (n = 133)Moderate COVID-19 (n = 163)Р
*P < 0.05. AH: arterial hypertension; BMI: body mass index; COVID-19: coronavirus disease 2019; CRP: C-reactive protein; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; EF: ejection fraction; PASP: pulmonary artery systolic pressure; PFT: pericardial fat tissue; RR: respiration rate; SBP: systolic blood pressure; SpO2: oxygen saturation; T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Age, years63.75 ± 12.9458.88 ± 14.550.003*
Sex, male/female, n (%)67 (50.38)/66 (49.62)74 (45.40)/89 (54.60)0.394
Weight, kg86.00 (75.00 - 100.00)80.50 (73.00 - 90.00)0.007*
BMI, kg/m230.76 (26.28 - 34.26)28.17 (25.40 - 31.62)0.006*
Obesity, n (%)60 (45.11)57 (34.97)0.083
AH, n (%)70 (52.63)65 (39.88)< 0.001*
T2DM, n (%)24 (18.05)18 (11.04)0.035
Smoking, n (%)13 (9.77)18 (11.04)0.663
RR, breaths/min24.00 (22.00 - 24.00)22.00 (21.00 - 22.00)< 0.001*
Heart rate, /min89.00 (80.00 - 90.00)82.50 (75.00 - 92.00)0.021*
SBP, mm Hg120.00 (120.00 - 130.00)120.00 (120.00 - 130.00)0.799
DBP, mm Hg80.00 (74.00 - 80.00)80.00 (70.00 - 80.00)0.342
SpO2, %92.00 (90.00 - 92.00)96.00 (95.00 - 97.00)< 0.001*
PFT, сm33.30 (2.40 - 4.10)2.75 (2.00 - 3.60)0.003*
EF, %61.00 (59.00 - 63.00)62.00 (61.00 - 63.00)0.026*
PASP, mm Hg26.00 (22.00 - 32.00)26.00 (22.00 - 29.00)0.352
CRP62.20 (19.80 - 125.51)21.40 (7.91 - 68.00)< 0.001*
Ferritin, ng/mL443.05 (262.20 - 648.00)322.50 (156.00 - 521.00)0.008*
Albumin, g/L37.10 (34.50 - 40.00)40.80 (38.70 - 44.00)< 0.001*
Creatinine, µmol/L92.33 (79.00 - 114.89)89.33 (78.50 - 101.20)0.089
Total cholesterol, mmol/L4.36 (3.61 - 5.21)4.87 (4.08 - 5.69)0.004*
Glucose, mmol/L6.30 (5.50 - 8.08)6.06 (5.37 - 6.70)0.046*
D-dimer, mg/mL0.92 (0.42 - 3.31)0.58 (0.32 - 1.37)0.008*

 

Table 2. PFT Volume as a Predictor of COVID-19 Disease Severity
 
AttributeModel 1Model 2Model 3Model 4
*P < 0.05. Model 1: unadjusted (PFT volume only). Model 2: adjusted for age. Model 3: adjusted for age, hypertension history, blood glucose, and total cholesterol. Model 4: fully adjusted for age, hypertension history, blood glucose, total cholesterol, albumin, CRP, D-dimer, and ferritin. COVID-19: coronavirus disease 2019; CRP: C-reactive protein; PFT: pericardial fat tissue.
Pericardial fat tissue volume1.27 (1.08 - 1.50)*1.24 (1.05 - 1.47)*1.34 (1.01 - 1.76)*2.68 (1.06 - 6.73)*
Age-1.02 (1.01 - 1.04)*1.02 (0.99 - 1.05)1.02 (0.93 - 1.12)
Arterial hypertension--2.38 (0.73 - 7.76)0.13 (0.01 - 3.32)
Glucose--1.00 (0.91 - 1.09)1.03 (0.77 - 1.39)
Total cholesterol--0.66 (0.49 - 0.90)*1.12 (0.48 - 2.64)
Albumine---0.97 (0.80 - 1.18)
CRP---1.01 (0.99 - 1.03)
D-dimer---0.93 (0.77 - 1.12)
Ferritine---0.99 (0.99 - 1.00)